Reportedly, in 1393 the Ming Emperor Hongwu 洪武 (r. 1368-1398) sent thirty-six Chinese families to the Ryūkyūs 琉球 as officials to assist in the maintenance of bilateral diplomatic and exchange relations as well as the establishment of a stable bureaucratic government on the islands. The Ming shi 明史 speaks of "thirty-six households of ship-builders which were bestowed from among the people of Min, in order to ease the intercourse of tribute envoys" (ci Minzhong zhougong sanshiliu hu, yi bian gongshi wanglai 賜閩中舟工三十六户以便貢使往来). The Lidai bao'an 歷代寶案 mentiones thirty-six surnames from Min who entered the country (Minren sanshiliu xing ruguo 閩人三十六姓入國). Descendants of these thirty-six families later frequently served as foreign interpreters (yi tongshi 夷通事) in bilateral relations. The list provided here introduces the genealogy of the Cai 蔡 family and its members, descendents of Cai Chong 蔡崇, who served as interpreter-clerks, envoys or in related functions during missions to or from China. It is an appendix to the article "Brokers and 'Guild' (huiguan 會館) Organizations in China's Maritime Trade with her Eastern Neighbours during the Ming and Qing Dynasties", Crossroads 1/2 (2010), 99-150, by Angela Schottenhammer.

Reportedly, in 1393 the Ming Emperor Hongwu 洪武 (r. 1368-1398) sent thirty-six Chinese families to the Ryūkyūs 琉球 as officials to assist in the maintenance of bilateral diplomatic and exchange relations as well as the establishment of a stable bureaucratic government on the islands. The Ming shi 明史 speaks of "thirty-six households of ship-builders which were bestowed from among the people of Min, in order to ease the intercourse of tribute envoys" (ci Minzhong zhougong sanshiliu hu, yi bian gongshi wanglai 賜閩中舟工三十六户以便貢使往来). The Lidai bao'an 歷代寶案 mentiones thirty-six surnames from Min who entered the country (Minren sanshiliu xing ruguo 閩人三十六姓入國). Descendants of these thirty-six families later frequently served as foreign interpreters (yi tongshi 夷通事) in bilateral relations. The list provided here introduces the genealogy of the Cai 蔡 family and its members, descendents of Cai Chong 蔡崇, who served as interpreter-clerks, envoys or in related functions during missions to or from China. It is an appendix to the article "Brokers and 'Guild' (huiguan 會館) Organizations in China's Maritime Trade with her Eastern Neighbours during the Ming and Qing Dynasties", Crossroads 1/2 (2010), 99-150, by Angela Schottenhammer.

 

"明清時期中國與其東部鄰國海上貿易中的牙行和會館組織"， Crossroads 1/2 (2010), 99-150，之補充.

據載，1393年明洪武帝（在位時間：1368-1398）曾派遣三十六個中國家庭到琉球為官，以協助維護和保持中琉雙邊的外交和交流關係，并在琉球群島建立穩定的官僚政府體系。明史中提到"賜閩中舟工三十六戶以便貢使往來"，歷代寶案中也有"閩人三十六姓入國"的記載。這三十六家的后代在雙邊的往來中經常擔任夷通事。文中列表介紹了蔡氏家譜及其成員。可以看出，蔡崇的后裔在琉球遣唐使團在中國期間或明朝冊封使團在琉球期間多擔任譯員、派遣使或相關的職位。本文是對筆者已在上期發表的"明清時期中國與其東部鄰國海上貿易中的牙行和會館組織"一文之補充。

 

"明清时期中国与其东部邻国海上贸易中的牙行和会馆组织"， Crossroads 1/2 (2010)， 99-150， 之補充.

据载，1393年明洪武帝（在位时间：1368-1398）曾派遣三十六个中国家庭到琉球为官，以协助维护和保持中琉双边的外交和交流关系，并在琉球群岛建立稳定的官僚政府体系。明史中提到"赐闽中舟工三十六户以便贡使往来"，历代宝案中也有"闽人三十六姓入国"的记载。这三十六家的后代在双边的往来中经常担任夷通事。文中列表介绍了蔡氏家谱及其成员。可以看出，蔡崇的后裔在琉球遣唐使团在中国期间或明朝册封使团在琉球期间多担任译员、派遣使或相关的职位。本文是对笔者已在上期发表的"明清时期中国与其东部邻国海上贸易中的牙行和会馆组织"一文之补充。

 

"明・清代期の東アジア近隣諸国との中国海上貿易における「牙行」と「会館」組織"への補足論考となる。

周知のとおり、1393年明皇帝洪武（在位1368-1398）は、琉球内の安定的な官僚政府の確立と同様に、二国間の外交・交易関係管理を補佐するために、琉球へ官僚として36の中国人家族を送った。明史は、「朝貢使の行き来を容易にするために、閩の中から選ばれた船大工の三十六家族」（賜閩中舟工三十六戸以便貢使往来）を語っている。歷代寶案は、入国した閩の人々の36の姓を述べている（閩人三十六姓入國）。これら36家族の子孫たちは、後に、二国間関係の中で、しばしば、外国語通訳（夷通事）として活躍した。ここに掲げたリストは、蔡家の家系図であり、その一員である、中国へのまたは、中国からの使節団において、通訳官、使者、または、それに関係のある職務について働いていた蔡崇の子孫たちを紹介している。本論文は、先の著者の論文"明・清代期の東アジア近隣諸国との中国海上貿易における「牙行」と「会館」組織"への補足論考となる。

 

明淸 時期의 中國과 東아시아 주변 국가의 海上貿易에서 機能한 "牙行"과 "會館" 組織의 부록이다

周知하는 바와 같이 明나라 황제 洪武帝（在位1368-1398）는1393년에 琉球 내의 안정적인 관료정부의 설립을 돕고 명과 류큐 사이의 외교와 교역 관계를 유지하기 위한 목적으로 류큐에 서른 여섯의 중국인 家庭을 官僚로 파견했다. 明史는 "朝貢使節의 왕래를 수월하게 하기 위해 閩 지방으로부터 선정되어 하사된 造船工 서른 여섯 가정"에 대해서 말하고 있다（賜閩中舟工 三十六户以便貢使往来）. 歷代寶案은 閩으로부터 류큐에 온 서른 여섯개의 姓을 언급한다. 이들 서른 여섯 가정의 후손들은 이후 양국간의 관계 속에서 빈번히 외국어 통역사（通事）로 활약했다. 본고에서 제시하는 목록은 蔡崇의 후손들로서 중국과 류큐 간의 사절단 왕래의 과정에서 통역관, 사절 또는 관련 직무로 봉사한 蔡家의 家系圖와 그 가족 일원들을 소개한다. 본고는 크로스로드1/2 (2010)에 실린 필자의 논문 "明淸 時期의 中國과 東아시아 주변 국가의 海上貿易에서 機能한 '牙行'과 '會館' 組織" 의 부록이다.